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Principle of Method of Conversion by agreement or mandate, and that the conversion of test data be avoided whenever possible. Reporting of Hardness Numbers metals. Indentation hardness is not a single fundamental property but a combination of properties, and the contribution 7.

B Appendix X1 contains equations converting determined hardness scale numbers to Rockwell C hardness numbers for non-austenitic steels. Refer to 1. C The Brinell hardness numbers in parentheses are outside the range recommended for Brinell hardness testing in 8.

D These Scleroscope hardness conversions are based on Vickers—Scleroscope hardness relationships developed from Vickers hardness data provided by the National Bureau of Standards for 13 steel reference blocks, Scleroscope hardness values obtained on these blocks by the Shore Instrument and Mfg.

HV Diamond 1. B Appendix X2 contains equations converting determined hardness numbers to Rockwell B hardness numbers for non-austenitic steels. NOTE 2—The use of hardness scales for hardness values shown in parentheses is not recommended since they are beyond the ranges recommended for accuracy. Such values are shown for comparative purposes only, where comparisons may be desired and the recommended machine and scale are not available.

E — 02 B Appendix X3 contains equations converting determined hardness scale numbers to Vickers hardness numbers for nickel and high-nickel alloys. These recommendations are designed to limit impression diameters to the range from 2. The Brinell hardness numbers in this conversion table are based on tests using a kgf force.

When the kgf force is used for the softer nickel and high-nickel alloys, these conversion relationships do not apply.

B Appendix X4 contains equations converting determined hardness scale numbers to Vickers hardness numbers for cartridge brass. B Appendix X5 contains an equation converting determined Brinell hardness numbers to Rockwell B hardness numbers for austenitic steel plate in the annealed condition. Tempers ranged from annealed to extra hard for Type , with a smaller range of tempers for the other types.

Test coupon thicknesses ranged from approximately 0. B Appendix X6 contains equations converting determined hardness numbers to Rockwell C and Rockwell B hardness numbers for austenitic stainless steel sheet. NOTE 2—The use of hardness scales for hardness values shown in parentheses is not recommended since they are beyond the ranges recommended for accuracy. Methods for Hardness Determinations 3. Since all converted hardness values must be considered approximate, however, all converted Rockwell hardness numbers shall be rounded to the nearest whole number in accordance with Practice E Differences in sensitivity within the range of a given hardness scale for example, Rockwell B may be greater than between two different scales or types of instruments.

B Appendix X2 contains equations converting determined hardness numbers to Rockwell B hardness numbers for non-austenitic steels. Appendix X5 contains an equation converting determined Brinell hardness numbers to Rockwell B hardness numbers for austenitic steel plate in the annealed condition.

C Appendix X9 contains equations converting determined hardness scale numbers to Brinell numbers for wrought aluminum products. ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard. It is recommended that hardness conversions be applied primarily to values such as specication limits, which are established by agreement or mandate, and that the conversion of test data be avoided whenever possible.

Even in the case of a table established for a single material, such as the table for cartridge brass, some error is involved depending on composition and methods of processing. Asym all converted hardness values must be considered approximate, however, all converted hardness numbers shall be rounded in accordance with Practice E When the kgf force is used for the softer nickel and high-nickel alloys, these conversion relationships do not apply.

Referenced Documents purchase separately The s listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard. In some cases, the standards have by agreement or mandate, and that the conversion of test data changed in ways that could affect the final results.

For example, currently be avoided whenever possible see Note 1. The use of tungsten carbide numbers, the measured hardness and test scale were also balls will produce slightly different hardness results than steel balls. Therefore, the user is cautioned to consider these differences and to keep reported in parentheses. Keywords approximate, all converted hardness numbers shall be rounded 8. B Annex A1 contains equations converting determined hardness scale numbers to Rockwell C hardness numbers for non-austenitic steels.

Refer to 1. C The Brinell hardness numbers in parentheses are outside the range recommended for Brinell hardness testing in 8. D These Scleroscope hardness conversions are based on Vickers—Scleroscope hardness relationships developed from Vickers hardness data provided by the National Bureau of Standards for 13 steel reference blocks, Scleroscope hardness values obtained on these blocks by the Shore Instrument and Mfg. HV Diamond 1. B Annex A2 contains equations converting determined hardness numbers to Rockwell B hardness numbers for non-austenitic steels.

NOTE 2—The use of hardness scales for hardness values shown in parentheses is not recommended since they are beyond the ranges recommended for accuracy. Such values are shown for comparative purposes only, where comparisons may be desired and the recommended machine and scale are not available.

B Annex A3 contains equations converting determined hardness scale numbers to Vickers hardness numbers for nickel and high-nickel alloys. These recommendations are designed to limit impression diameters to the range from 2.

The Brinell hardness numbers in this conversion table are based on tests using a kgf force. When the kgf force is used for the softer nickel and high-nickel alloys, these conversion relationships do not apply.

B Annex A4 contains equations converting determined hardness scale numbers to Vickers hardness numbers for cartridge brass. B Annex A5 contains an equation converting determined Brinell hardness numbers to Rockwell B hardness numbers for austenitic steel plate in the annealed condition.

Tempers ranged from annealed to extra hard for Type , with a smaller range of tempers for the other types. Test coupon thicknesses ranged from approximately 0. B Annex A6 contains equations converting determined hardness numbers to Rockwell C and Rockwell B hardness numbers for austenitic stainless steel sheet.

C Observed standard deviation of the interlaboratory test data about the indicated conversion line. A In table headings, kgf or gf refers to total test force. B Annex A7 contains equations converting determined hardness scale numbers to Vickers hardness numbers for copper, numbers to inclusive. Request RR:E B In table headings, kgf or gf refers to total test force. C Annex A8 contains equations converting determined hardness scale numbers to Vickers hardness numbers for alloyed white irons.

As higher forces are used, the increased strain raises the hardness by an amount that depends on the pretest capacity of the metal for strain hardening. This standard is also available to be ashm in Standards Subscriptions. Referenced Documents purchase separately The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

Current edition approved Jan. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility. The equations given in Annex A1- Annex A9 were developed from the data in Tables 1 to 9, respectively. B Appendix X2 contains equations converting determined hardness numbers to Rockwell B hardness numbers for non-austenitic steels.

C Observed standard deviation of the interlaboratory test data about the indicated conversion line.